![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg708CIZdPMrxMAQmj8iYHlMeazFsP0TlWxgTFWit_s7b6w08H7a6MP_fZ6uNnpQuhcY2JbuAa7i0ix9xXbmSVx9MRAHCOslaJeScPwO3Rg2yJEpYaSbwVew6zQRDDufeJlp5GmKUhvzMA/s0/France+culture.png)
Par Camille Renard 04/11/2020
“L’homme est un animal faible, misérable.” C'est Léon Tolstoï lui-même qui le dit, en français, en 1909. Ecoutez la voix de ce génie de la littérature grâce à un trésor exceptionnel exhumé dans le fonds des Archives de la parole de la BnF.
![Archive exceptionnelle : Léon Tolstoï sur Dieu, en 1909](data:image/jpeg;base64,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)
Voici un document exceptionnel, un trésor exhumé dans le fonds sonore ancien de la Bibliothèque nationale de France : l’unique enregistrement de la voix de Léon Tolstoï. Un an avant sa mort en 1910, un musicien et producteur américain passionné par les gramophones, Fred Gaisbeg, parcourt l’Europe pour enregistrer des voix célèbres. Il se rend sur les terres du comte Tolstoï, dans la maison où il écrivit Guerre et Paix et Anna Karénine. De cette rencontre, il nous reste quatre prises, dans les quatre langues que maîtrise l’écrivain : russe, anglais, allemand, et français. Dans cet enregistrement en français, Tolstoï, en bon chrétien mystique anarchiste, en profite pour définir la religion ,car pour lui, “le Royaume de Dieu est en vous”.
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